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What is Multispectral imaging technology (MSI) ?

Multispectral imaging technology (MSI) is an emerging technology developed based on imaging and spectroscopy. It is the result of remote sensing technology as a kind of analysis tools, and is able to obtain information of the measured target simultaneously from the spectral and spatial dimensions. MSI is widely used in aerospace, water, mineral exploration, agriculture and other areas of biomedicine (such as skin related diseases and tumors) and can improve the accuracy of diagnosis for disease detection, identification and Intraoperative transfer.

Multispectral imaging of the funds is based on a series of scan by multiple monochrome Light-Emitting Diode(LEDs) with different penetration capacities the reflective images from levels of diverse depth and shapes a series of grey-scale spectral images in accordance with the absorption features of different tissues and substances.

Technical Advantage:

Compared with traditional RGB fundus photo which based on visible-light, multispectral imaging is captured by series of narrow band light ranging from 488nm to infra-red 940nm.The clinical applications of multispectral imaging are advantageous due to its ability to see deeper, wider and clearer than never before.

Deep-scanning:

The infra-red spectrum is able to penetrate the dark layer of PRE and demonstrate the morphological features of choroidal pigment and vasculature. It allows us to directly envision the choroidal abnormalities that have shown good agreement with indocyanine green angiograph.

Sensitive to early retinal signs:

The spectrums selected is based on the absorption curves of the retinal anatomical and pathological components such as hemoglobin and pigment. Different spectrum is highly focused in different lesion nature and targeted lesion of interest (such as microaneurysm in diabetic retinopathy) is highlighted in its corresponding spectrum grey-scale picture.​

Spectral-fingerprint-based differential diagnosis:

Similar appearances of retinal or choroidal lesions is able to differentiated by its spectral-signal changes, such as dwelling mode, enhancing mode, or bell-shape signal mode. The pathological spectral features are not only related to the location of the lesion in terms of depth of the retina or choroid, but also its absorption component. While traditional RGB photo can only provide information in just one dimension, MSI allows spectrum analysis of area of interest.

Multispectral imaging displayed an excellent agreemet with funduns fluorescein angiography in DR grading, which suggested that it migt serve as a new diagnostic technique and an informative tool for evaluating DR.

--Ling Gao, MD, Pu Zhang, MD. 《Evaluation of Multispectral Imaging in Diagnosing Diabetic Retinopathy》 (2018), RETINA 0:1–9.

MSI retinal images were reviewed and the MA# in the central 30 degrees were counted. The calculated clinical parameters used to diagnose IR were most highly correlated with retinal MA#, specially insulin senstivity. Subclinical MA#, less visible to non-spectral cameras but observed with multispectral imaging, correlate with insulin, pancreatic function and calculated measures of IR, more closely than FBS and vitamin D status. Future diabets intervention research should focus upon MSI MA# and IR as actionable pre-diabetes and pre-retinopathy risk factors.​

--Kerry M.Gelb,et. 《Retinal Multispectral Imaging of ‘Sub-clinical’ Capillary Microaneurysms in Non-diabetics Correlates with Insulin Resistance》Diabesity 2016.